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President Obama to New Orleans: 'We Will Rebuild'

In his first visit to New Orleans since last year's election, President Obama today reassured residents that the government would continue to help rebuild the city damaged by Hurricane Katrina in 2005, although he noted that much work still remains to be done.

"Katrina may have swept through the city but it did not destroy this community, and that is because of you, the people of New Orleans," Obama said at a town hall event at the University of New Orleans, where this year's graduating class will be the first that attended the school after Katrina struck.

In the face of criticism that the president's first visit to the city came nine months after he took office and lasted less than four hours, the administration has highlighted that Cabinet members have made 35 trips to the Gulf Coast since January and they have freed up $1.5 billion in recovery funds from bureaucratic red tape.

"I promise you this," Obama said. "Whether it's me coming down here or my Cabinet or other members of my administration, we will not forget about New Orleans. We are going to keep on working. We are not going to forget about the Gulf Coast. Together we will rebuild this region and we will rebuild it stronger than before. It is going to be stronger than before."

But the president noted that the initial government response under President Bush was far from adequate.

"It has now been just over four years since that terrible storm struck your shores," Obama noted. "And the days after it did, this nation and all the world bore witness to the fact that the damage from Katrina was not caused just by a disaster of nature, but also by a breakdown of government, that government wasn't adequately prepared and we didn't appropriately respond."

Hurricane-Ravaged Region Would Be Top Priority

Today, the president said one of his first moves in January was to tell his administration to make the hurricane-ravaged region a top priority.

"I wanted to get it right and I wanted us to be ready," he told the crowd. "And so far, I'm pleased to report that we have made good progress. We got a long way to go, but we've made progress."

"We are committed to making sure that a disaster like Katrina does not happen again," he said.

However, at least one member of the crowd was skeptical about the president's reassurances, asking, "Why is it four years after Katrina we're still fighting with the federal government for money to repair our devastated city?"

"I mean," the gentleman continued, "I expected as much from the Bush administration, but why are we still being nickeled and dimed in our recovery?"

Obama replied, "I know, since a lot of these problems have been going on since Katrina happened, people understandably feel impatient. On the other hand, these things were not all going to be fixed tomorrow. So we are working as hard as we can, as quickly as we can, to process through many of these issues.

"I wish I could just write a check," he stated.

When the audience member asked, "Why not?" Obama quipped, "You know, there's this whole thing about the Constitution and Congress."

"My expectation," Obama concluded, "is that by the time that my term is over, you guys are going to look back and you're going to say, 'This was a responsive administration on health care, on housing, on education, that actually made sure that the money flowed and that things got done the way they were supposed to get done.'"

The seventh and final member of the audience to ask the president a question was a fourth-grade boy who wondered, "Why do people hate you?"

Replied the president, "First of all, I did get elected president, so not everybody hates me," before adding, "What is true is, if you were watching TV lately, it seems like everybody's just getting mad all the time. And I -- you know, I think that you've got to take it with a grain of salt. Some of it is just what's called politics."

Crowd Boos New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin

But the crowd's harshest reactions this afternoon were reserved for Louisiana Gov. Bobby Jindal and New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin. When the president introduced Jindal, the crowd booed lustily.

"Bobby, first of all, if it makes you feel any better, I get that all the time," Obama said, before noting when the audience booed Nagin a minute later, "This is a feisty crowd here."

In a town hall forum that lasted a little over an hour, the president touched on a variety of other issues, from health care reform to climate change to immigration.

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"We're going to get health care done this year," he stated in the event's most lively moment. "Now, just in case any of you were wondering, I never thought any of this was going to be easy. You know, I listen to sometimes these reporters on the news and, 'Well, why haven't you solved world hunger yet?' Why -- why hasn't everybody done it? It's been nine months. Why? I never said it was going to be easy...I don't quit. We get this stuff done. We keep on going until we get it done. I don't quit. You know, let me tell you, those folks who are trying to stand in the way of progress, they're all -- let me tell you: I'm just getting started. I don't quit. I'm not tired. I'm just getting started."

After the event, the president left for San Francisco for a fundraiser later this evening, before an event tomorrow in College Station, Texas.

16.10.09 04:08


SLUMDOG MILLIONAIRE wins Best Picture Oscar!

Slumdog Millionaire, which had its East Coast Premiere at the 2008 Hamptons International Film Festival, captured the Best Picture Oscar at last night’s Academy Awards ceremony. In addition to the top prize, the film garnered a total of 8 trophies, including Best Director (Danny Boyle), Best Cinematography (Anthony Dod Mantle), Best Screenplay (Simon Beaufoy), and Best Song (”Jai Ho&rdquo.

In other weekend awards news, The Wrestler, which also played at the 2008 Festival, won the Best Picture and Best Actor (Mickey Rourke) prizes at the Indie Spirit Awards.

24.2.09 09:35


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5.1.09 02:48


Sacks of Sugar

Alabama rode a turnaround season behind its physical offensive line. The same unit turned into the offense's downfall Friday night at the Sugar Bowl with the Crimson Tide missing two starting linemen most of the game.

Utah sacked John Parker Wilson eight times, a season-high for the Utes and the most allowed by Alabama this season, and easily handled the Tide up front in a 31-17 victory at the Superdome.

"I don't think they were ready for the speed we had," Utah linebacker Stevenson Sylvester said. "Us and Florida are about the same. They couldn't stop them, so we tried to apply the same speed. I think they were like, `Holy cow, they're fast.'"

Left tackle Andre Smith was suspended earlier this week for improper dealings with an agent. That alone threw Alabama's line for a loop with a limited amount of time to prepare for his absence.

Then Mike Johnson, the usual left guard who started in Smith's place at left tackle, suffered a high ankle sprain on Alabama's second possession and didn't return.

Right tackle Drew Davis moved to left tackle, and freshman John Michael Boswell was inserted at right tackle. Sophomore David Ross started at left guard when Johnson moved to left tackle from left guard.

By that point, it was a mess. The Crimson Tide's previous high for sacks allowed was four against Tulane, the only other game Smith missed this season.

"Andre was a big loss for us," Alabama right guard Marlon Davis said. "And then Mike went down, and that was really huge."

Johnson left the field on crutches and in a walking boot.

"Losing Andre put us in a tough situation, but I had three or four days to practice at left tackle," Johnson said. "The tough thing was me going down like that, and throwing guys in there who hadn't played at all in that situation."

In one night, Alabama allowed as many sacks as it had surrendered in the previous seven games combined. And it came against a Utah team that entered the game with only 21 sacks all season - and none in its previous two games.

The Crimson Tide rushed for a season-low 31 yards, compared to its season average of 196.

"Our calling card all year was running the ball and that kind of got taken out from under us," Johnson said. "The score was 21-0 before we knew it."

Utah threw stunts and blitzes at Alabama from every direction.

"We were prepared more than we ever could be," Utah defensive end Paul Kruger said. "They were a little timid. I think our speed hurt them early on and they got back on their heels because they started to figure out how fast we are."

Marlon Davis praised Boswell and Ross for fighting through a tough situation as young players.

"We tried to make the best of what was happening," Davis said. "We tried to make lemonade out of lemons."

5.1.09 02:46


80后站起来别趴下

80后,这是一个什么样的词? 

曾几何时,那是新鲜,是眼前一亮,是初升即耀眼,是好奇的眼光,是血液的激 情流淌,甚至冲动与卤莽,都是年轻的象征。 

1980,1980以后,二十多岁的年纪,朝气与蓬勃,理想与奋斗,走过的路甩都不甩一眼,挡在前面的障碍一脚踢开,这应该是我们,牛B的80后! 

无所不能的心,穿过聚光灯一般的视线包围,向往着外面的世界,希冀着从别人艳羡的目光中找到一点点骄傲的资本。 

我们不老,伸伸脖子掂掂脚尖,还够不着而立的年纪,但似乎几年以前,我们就迫不及待地说奔三,奔三。 

终于,我们进了社会,我们以横着竖着躺着爬着以各种高难度的姿势进了社会,菜鸟初飞,但在自己眼中犹如君临,颠覆,颠覆,80后血液里的伪装的骄傲和狂妄让我们想着改变一切,包括能改变的和不能改变的,要创造人类的幸福,全靠我们自己,反对旧势力,建立新秩序,热血沸腾的青春年少。 
80后是纸老虎,脆弱的还不如林妹妹。 

发现薪水还没上学时的生活费多,发现老板比自己爹还凶猛,发现人生的路比下水道还窄,发现自己比气球还轻,爹妈一撒手,自己连怎么飘都掌握不了,别说飞了。 

于是发牢搔,嘟嘟囔囔跟祥林嫂似的,后来连祥林嫂都不如了,越来越像怨妇。再后来发现当个怨妇都没人听你倾诉,于是闷搔了,泡坛子泡吧,还是感觉不爽,自以为打小阅人无数,天下无敌,事业不行来点儿爱情吧,后宫佳丽三千人,铁杵磨成绣花针,正准备掳袖子大干一番,却发现自己积累了十来年的理论技巧心得花招,在老板们钞票面前苍白的还不如一个狗屁。 

事业挫折了,爱情咯儿屁了,怎么看自己都不顺眼了。 

个子太矮了皮肤太差了眼睛太小了钱包太瘦了思想太落后了孙子当够了,脸上还有青春痘,怎么看怎么像老年斑了。 

于是萎靡了,不振了,不想看书了不想听音乐了不想谈理想了不想牛B烘烘了。 
渐渐的似乎大彻大悟了,什么都看透了,一切都虚无缥缈了,像是个修 行了几千年的道人,在城市汹涌的车流和无边的人流广告中漠然地打坐。 

忽然间睁开了眼睛,像是个刚出观的世外高人,换了一副嘴脸——变得深沉起来,喜怒不再溢于言表,不再动不动就乱发牢搔,也不再把内心深处的秘密轻易地跟别人诉说。 

刺猬一样的80后,变成了一只乌龟,原本是见谁扎谁,现在苟且蜷缩在貌似坚硬的甲壳里,保护着自己稚嫩的身体以及更为稚嫩的心灵。 
直到有一天,对着镜子看,却发现里面那张脸陌生得可怕。 
我们已经老了吗? 
是的,从某种意义上来说,80后已经老了。 

望着满街穿着前卫的少男少女,我们开始表现出厌恶的表情,却忘了自己当年其实有过之而无不及。 

望着电视电影里纯美的爱情童话,我们冷冷一笑,嗤之以鼻,故作高深地抛出一句“幼稚”,却忘了当年自己是如何曾经沧海难为水。 

我们梦想着天上掉下个林妹妹,林妹妹还开着法拉利小跑,我们梦想着哪天能中个500万,最好是超级大乐透超越500万,然后尽情挥霍,学小马哥用钞票点烟学古代昏君游戏人间,尽管现在还骑着单车光棍儿一人。 

金钱,女人,欲望,即使让我们想象,都逃不出这几招。 

理想已经死了,我们的心小的可怜。 

怀旧。 

当寂寞深入骨髓,我们开始怀旧。 

当一个人开始怀旧,那就证明他已经老了。至少心老了。 

在明媚的阳光下回味童年的游戏,在博客上敲打旧时的回忆,在忽明忽灭的香烟熏陶中倾听老歌曲,捧着毕业照发呆,看着旧情书唏嘘,努力搜刮着自己一片空白的大脑,希冀从那里能找回些须青涩的感觉,青葱岁月,恋恋风尘,冬季校园漂亮的女生白发的先生,说过的话,走过的路,暗恋过的女生,被自己伤害过的人,连同那个白衣飘飘的年代,如今,你们去了哪里? 
酸楚,但没有眼泪。漠然的心像一口干涸的井,已经酝酿不出珍贵的眼泪。只有幻想。 

希望人生能够重新选择一次,哪怕重新读一次大学,进一次社会,。 

在压抑与茫然之中,选择逃避与幻想,是我们唯一能做的,虽然这消极地让人憎恶。 

无力的80后,像一棵棵垂死的树。 

有的时候,愤怒是我们活着的证明,虽然是星星之火,但至少还在闪烁。 

我宁愿相信,迷茫是因为年轻。 

想想吧,我们才多大? 
以后的路还有多长? 

无论如何,我们得活下去,不管是痛苦还是快乐。 

80后,骨子里的不屈不会磨灭,仍然相信自己会走出阴霾,出人头地。 
思考与自责,就是最好的证明; 
心有不甘,势必卷土重来。 

2008,最大的一批90后已经成年,长江后浪推前浪,何况是这么咄咄逼人的后浪。 

80后,站直了,别趴下! 

我们还不老,别让孩子们看了笑话!

17.11.08 10:12


美國首位華裔市長黃錦波:許

核心提示:2006年4月21日晚10時,被告人許霆來到廣州天河區黃埔大道某銀行的ATM取款機取款。結果取出1000元後,銀行卡賬戶裏只被扣1元,許霆先後取款171筆,合計17.5萬元。許霆潛逃一年後被抓獲,以盜竊罪被判無期徒刑。

中國網2008年3月31日報道

    今天下午,備受關註的許霆案一審重審結果宣布,廣州中院以盜竊罪判處許霆有期徒刑五年,罰金兩萬,追討其取出的173826元。

------------------------------------------------------------------------
美國首位華裔市長黃錦波:許霆案應該判20年!

 

    從我在法律的經驗來評論這案件, 我覺得法官判罪的各項原則與考慮焦點都很正確,與美國的法律是一致的。
    以我個人意見,許霆案一審重審結果判得太輕!應該判20年!如果我是法官,這樣要追回所偷的錢財的案子, 我會判20年,並註明執行徒期不低於五年!那就是現在法官判的有期徒刑五年一樣。另外的15年可以用清還173826元去代替徒刑期。即是如全部款項交還,(親友或任何人都可代還 15年徒刑期則自動除消,如交還一萬元則除消一年,如還回五萬元{剩下或收藏著五萬元的可能性很高} 則減少徒刑五年,如此累推。這樣能拿回銀行剩下或交了親友的錢財,機會較高!
    法官判罪的目的也要考慮能對社會做出一個殺一儆百的教訓!賺債要還,不屬於自己的財物,故意去拿為己有,就是偷或騙盜;用暴力去取為己有就是搶;用武器或強力去拿取, 就是打劫。有良智有道德的人該知道的簡單道理,該與法律同行!
    ATM故障是意外,這不是銀行引誘,為什麽銀行要引誘任何人?其惡意取款是個人的低素質、貪心、人窮無誌、沒有道德觀念。第一次拿的款,可以沒罪,只是不道德、貪心。此時一個好人,守法的人會通知銀行。第2次,3次,而至171次取不是自己的存款,是故意利用ATM的故障, 惡意繼續取不是自己的款屬於盜竊!之後即辭工遠走,躲逃別處一年之久,一直用不是自己的錢,證明是明知故犯!這案是故意犯的罪!
    媒體播出一位女士說是銀行要負“引誘”的責任,我只希望她永遠不要給壞人看到她穿膝蓋以上的短裙,也永遠不要忘記關好家門或打開窗門睡覺!按照她的理由與素質,她可能被懷疑 “引誘” 別人犯法!
    許霆案情帶出來的不同反應,以至在街上有示威等聲音,證明我多年來說的:有很多人(不是所有也不是大部份,如沒提你姓名,就算我沒說是你 沒有公共道德, 無教育又無教養是對的!
    法庭判決的理論是對的,但是媒體傳達出來不同的民意,應該有資格的人出來檢討一下,即使是不同意見,但有言論自由!社會才會進步,人民的常識與素質才能提高!否則,同一個世界,但怎能有同一個夢啊?解放思想,科學發展,什麽時候正式開始啊?

2.4.08 04:43


驳广州中院许霆案重审定罪

 驳广州中院许霆案重审定罪理由
 许霆的父亲许彩亮在离广州中院较远的斜对门举着横幅,不服广州中院的判决。
    广州中院刑二庭庭长、法学博士甘正培3月31日在许霆案重审宣判后解释了认定许霆“盗窃金融机构”构成盗窃罪的理由。思宁从法理上批驳如下:
    一、法院认定许霆“秘密窃取”的理由不成立。
    甘正培引用许霆在庭审时的供述,即许霆认为“银行应该不知道”、“机器知道,人不知道”,来证实许霆实施取款行为时主观上自认为银行人员不能及时发现,符合“秘密窃取”的特征。
    法院注意到许霆供述的“人不知道”的主观状态,却故意忽略许霆供述的“机器知道”的主观状态。许霆也许不能从法理上理解“机器知道”和“人知道”的联系,但法律专业人士应当能够理解,自动柜员机是银行经营活动的工具,其交易行为在民法法理上代表银行,“机器知道”在法理上等于银行法人这个“人”知道,而且在法理上应当即时知道(参见思宁的专论《ATM机的法律地位辨析》http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_53aa891701008ih1.html)。所以,许霆说“机器知道”,在法理上应理解为许霆主观上自认为银行可以通过“机器知道”自己取了款。就这一点看,许霆并非“秘密窃取”。虽然许霆主观上自认为银行人员不能及时发现,但许霆主观上还自认为银行可以通过“机器知道”自己取了款。而且,据报道,许霆取款后在广州原单位等待了两天,等待银行找他讨要多取的款项。这也说明,许霆在主观上自认为银行可以通过“机器知道”自己取了款,只是不那么及时而已。
    显然,法院故意忽略许霆供述的“机器知道”的主观状态,而且故意忽略许霆取款后等待银行找他讨要的主观状态,片面地以许霆实施取款行为时主观上自认为银行人员不能及时发现来证明“秘密窃取”。而实际上,正常智力的成年人,都知道用自己姓名的银行卡在摄像头下从自动柜员机中取款,对银行来说并不是什么秘密。
  如果思宁是辩护律师,只要在法庭辩论中问许霆“为什么你认为机器知道”、“你认为机器知道以后银行是否知道”,就可以启发许霆说出取款对“机器”乃至对银行并不存在秘密的常识,从而还原许霆取款时完整的主观状态,逻辑地否定“秘密窃取”的指控。也许许霆的辩护律师在庭审时没有足够的机警作出这样的逻辑推理发问,也许法官并没有给辩护律师如此发问的机会,不过,甘正培既然引用许霆“机器知道”的供述,却不能解释“机器知道”与认定“秘密窃取”的矛盾,则暴露了认定“秘密窃取”的理由的逻辑漏洞和强词夺理。
    二、法院混淆双方的民事行为与单方的盗窃行为。
    甘正培把许霆利用银行自动柜员机程序升级出错之机多次恶意取款认定为盗窃罪,是把民事范畴的民事行为与刑事范畴的盗窃行为混淆。从法理上分析,其错误在于把双方的民事行为与单方的盗窃行为混淆起来。
    从民法理论分析,许霆的取款行为不是单方的民事行为,而是双方的民事行为,即同时是银行通过自动柜员机付款的的民事行为。双方的民事行为,是需要两项内容互异但相互对应的意思表示一致才可成立的民事行为。许霆的取款和银行的付款作为双方的民事行为,是一种合同行为。但是,根据《中华人民共和国民法通则》第五十八条的规定,“下列民事行为无效:(一无民事行为能力人实施的;(二限制民事行为能力人依法不能独立实施的;(三一方以欺诈、胁迫的手段或者乘人之危,使对方在违背真实意思的情况下所为的;(四恶意串通,损害国家、集体或者第三人利益的;(五违反法律或者社会公共利益的;(六经济合同违反国家指令性计划的;(七以合法形式掩盖非法目的的;无效的民事行为,从行为开始起就没有法律约束力。”许霆明知自动柜员机程序错误而恶意取款,可以视为 “乘人之危,使对方在违背真实意思的情况下所为”。“乘人之危”的“人”在这里指银行法人,不是指自动柜员机。银行因为自动柜员机故障而使钱款处于可能被恶意取走的危险之中。许霆恶意取款的行为使银行在违背真实意思的情况下误通过自动柜员机多输出现钞。许霆恶意取款在形式上是合法的,但目的是非法占有银行的钱款,也可以视为“以合法形式掩盖非法目的”。因此,许霆恶意取款的行为和银行误通过自动柜员机多输出现钞的行为,应当认定为民法上的无效的民事行为。根据《中华人民共和国民法通则》第六十一条第一款关于“民事行为被确认为无效或者被撤销后,当事人因该行为取得的财产,应当返还给受损失的一方。有过错的一方应当赔偿对方因此所受的损失,双方都有过错的,应当各自承担相应的责任”的规定,许霆恶意取款的非法所得,应当返还给受损失的银行。自动柜员机厂商向银行支付损失后,则取得代位求偿权。
    根据刑法关于盗窃罪的理论,盗窃既然是“秘密窃取”,既然是甘正培所说的“行为人采取主观上自认为不被财物所有者、保管者或经手者发觉的方法,暗中窃取财物的行为”,则行为当然是单方的,盗窃行为的成立取决于行为人单方的行为,而无需被害人的配合,无需被害人的同意。如果说诈骗罪通常需要被害人的行为配合的话,那么,盗窃罪区别于诈骗罪的一个重要特征正是它无需被害人的配合。
    许霆恶意取款的行为,是被害人银行通过自动柜员机配合,在银行通过自动柜员机同意的情况下完成的,所以,这种双方的民事行为并不符合盗窃罪的单方行为特征。因此,只能认定为无效的民事行为,而不能认定为盗窃行为。正因为法院混淆双方的民事行为与单方的盗窃行为,才导致适用民法还是适用刑法上的根本错误,导致把民事纠纷错误地当作刑事案件来审判。
    三、法院认定许霆“盗窃金融机构”的理由无效。
    甘正培说,法院认定许霆“盗窃金融机构”的理由是根据最高人民法院《关于审理盗窃案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第八条。
    首先,由于金融机构作为法人,不能成为盗窃对象,《中华人民共和国刑法》第二百六十四条关于“盗窃金融机构”的规定本身是无法适用的病句。其次,最高人民法院无权解释“盗窃金融机构”。根据《中华人民共和国刑法》第三条关于“法律明文规定为犯罪行为的,依照法律定罪处刑;法律没有明文规定为犯罪行为的,不得定罪处刑”的规定,由于第二百六十四条关于“盗窃金融机构”的规定本身无法适用,即刑法没有明文规定许霆的行为是“盗窃金融机构”的犯罪行为,法院不得依照非法律的司法解释定罪处刑。具体分析另见思宁的专论《〈刑法〉关于“盗窃金融机构”的规定是病句》(
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_53aa891701007y2k.html)。
  总之,思宁认为,许霆恶意取款和银行误通过自动柜员机多付款,属于无效的民事行为,应当作为民事纠纷来处理。因此,法院定罪处刑,即使是“在法定刑以下量刑”,也是没有法律根据的。
                                 2008.4.1

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附:
http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2008-03/31/content_7893923.htm
            广州中院释疑许霆为何被判5年有期徒刑  
              2008年03月31日 23:17:29  来源:新华网 
 
    新华网广州3月31日电(记者郑天虹、肖文峰)备受社会关注的许霆案31日在广州公开宣判,广州市中级人民法院仍认定被告人许霆犯盗窃罪,但将一审的无期徒刑改为判处有期徒刑5年,并处罚金2万元。
   广州中院刑二庭庭长、法学博士甘正培针对社会公众热议的一些许霆案中的争议以及许霆为何获法定刑以下的量刑,在案件宣判后进行了公开的释法答疑。

 

   许霆的行为属于“秘密窃取”

 

   许霆使用自己的银行卡,输入密码,提取了17万余元不属于自己的款项,这一行为是否符合刑法对盗窃罪规定的“秘密窃取”特征,成为本案的关键。
   甘正培解释说,我国刑法坚持主、客观相一致的定罪原则,盗窃罪中的“秘密窃取”,是指行为人采取主观上自认为不被财物所有者、保管者或经手者发觉的方法,暗中窃取财物的行为。至于行为人是否实际上已被当场发觉、是否事后马上被发觉、是否因行为人在窃取财物时留下身份识别标志而事后被发觉等等,均不影响“秘密窃取”的成立。
   甘正培说,许霆利用银行自动柜员机程序升级出错之机,多次恶意取款,就是自认为银行工作人员不会当场发觉。许霆在庭审时也供述称,明知其银行卡内仅有170余元,在第一次取款和查询后已意识到自动柜员机出现了异常,仍然连续170次取款174000元,并认为“银行应该不知道”、“机器知道,人不知道”,这都证实了许霆实施取款行为时主观上自认为银行人员不能及时发现,符合“秘密窃取”的客观特征。
   至于法院为何认定许霆为“盗窃金融机构”,甘正培说,根据最高人民法院《关于审理盗窃案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第八条规定:“刑法第二百六十四条规定的盗窃金融机构,是指盗窃金融机构的经营资金、有价证券和客户的资金等,如储户的存款、债券、其他款物,企业的结算资金、股票,不包括盗窃金融机构的办公用品、交通工具等财物的行为。”自动柜员机是银行对外提供客户自助金融服务的设备,机内储存的资金是金融机构的经营资金,因此,许霆盗窃柜员机内资金的行为依法当然属于“盗窃金融机构”。

 

   为何对许霆在法定刑以下量刑

 

   许霆盗窃金融机构,数额特别巨大,并且在盗窃后携款逃匿,案发后又没有退赃,没有法定减轻处罚的情节。依据我国《刑法》的规定,盗窃金融机构且数额特别巨大,应当判处无期徒刑或死刑。法院为何对许霆在法定刑以下量刑呢?
   甘正培说,重审判决之所以对许霆在法定刑以下量刑,主要基于两点考虑:一是许霆的盗窃犯意和取款行为与有预谋、有准备的盗窃犯罪相比,主观恶性相对较小;二是许霆利用自动柜员机出现异常窃取款项,与采取破坏性手段盗取钱财相比,犯罪情节相对较轻。
   甘正培说,根据本案具体的犯罪事实、犯罪情节和对于社会的危害程度,如果依据法定量刑幅度,即使就低判处许霆无期徒刑,仍然不符合罪、责、刑相适应原则。广州中院考虑到许霆案的特殊情况,依照我国《刑法》第六十三条第二款关于“犯罪分子虽然不具有刑法规定的减轻处罚情节,但是根据案件的特殊情况,经最高人民法院核准,也可以在法定刑以下判处刑罚”的规定,决定对被告人许霆在法定刑以下量刑,判处有期徒刑五年。根据相关法律规定,这一判决最终必须报请最高人民法院核准后方能生效。
   甘正培表示,如果宣判后许霆不提出上诉、人民检察院不提出抗诉,在上诉、抗诉期满后,判决结果将报请广东省高级人民法院复核。广东省高院同意原判的,再报请最高人民法院核准。如果广东省高院不同意该判决,可以依法裁定再次发回重审。
   如果宣判后被告人许霆提出上诉或者人民检察院提出抗诉,广东高院如认为上诉或者抗诉无理的,将裁定驳回上诉或者抗诉,维持原判,并报请最高人民法院核准;上诉或者抗诉有理的,广东高院将依法改判,改判后仍判决在法定刑以下处以刑罚的,仍需报请最高人民法院核准。

 

   许霆案既非“侵占罪”亦非“不当得利”

 

   许霆案一审判决后,一些法律人士和社会公众认为,许霆案更适合以侵占罪定罪量刑,也有人认为,许霆的取款行为属于“不当得利”,应当通过民事法律的相关程序和法条解决。
   针对上述观点,甘正培解释说,根据我国《刑法》第二百七十条的规定,侵占罪是指将代为保管的他人财物或者他人的遗忘物、埋藏物非法占为己有,数额较大,拒不退还的行为。而被告人许霆所非法占有的是银行放在自动柜员机内用于经营的资金,该资金既不是他人的遗忘物、埋藏物,也不是银行委托许霆代为保管的财物。
   许霆在发现自动柜员机出现异常后,既没有向公安机关报警,也没有按银行卡上的电话号码联系银行相关部门,更没有像其辩解的那样在取款后向所在单位报告和上交款项,而是连工资都不要了便携款逃匿。因此,许霆所谓“替银行保管财产”的辩解缺乏事实根据,有悖于常理,不具有可信性。因此,许霆的行为不符合侵占罪的犯罪构成要件。
   对于“不当得利”的说法,甘正培表示,民法上的不当得利与侵财犯罪都存在不正当取得利益的情形,但是二者有本质的区别,不当得利是除合同、侵权和无因管理之外导致的债权债务关系发生的一种根据,而侵财犯罪是一种严重侵权行为,比如抢劫也是不正当取得利益,但这显然不是民法上的不当得利。
   甘正培说,本案中,许霆第一次取款1000元,其账户实际仅扣款1元,是在取款时因自动柜员机出现异常,无意中提取的,是民法上的不当得利。许霆多占了银行的999元,银行可以通过民事救济途径要求其返还。
   但是,在第一次取款并查询了账户余额后,许霆已经意识到银行自动柜员机出现了异常,却仍基于非法占有银行资金的目的再次取款,这已经是一种恶意侵犯他人财产权益的侵权行为,当该侵权行为达到了严重的社会危害程度,触犯了刑事法律,就构成了犯罪,其犯罪所得应当依法追缴,发还受害单位。

2.4.08 04:21





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